At 1 year, persistent radiculopathy was similar in the sham- and steroid-treated groups. Epidural steroid injections (ESIs; interlaminar, transforaminal, or caudal) are used to treat patients with ...

Caudal epidural steroid injection (ESI) is an established treatment for spine-related problems, although reported success rates vary, largely as a result of incorrect placement of the needle. Use of ...

Background A 79-year-old woman with a history of chronic back pain and urinary urgency presented to a spine center for treatment and evaluation for axial low back pain. The patient described the back ...

Epidurals:- What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of image-guided compared with non-image-guided epidural injections for people with acute sciatica? Why this is important:- Epidural injection of ...