What Is Atomic Force Microscopy? Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful technique that enables surface ultrastructure visualization at molecular resolution. 1 Besides three-dimensional (3D) ...
At its core, SPM operates on the principle of measuring interactions between a sharp probe and the surface of a material. As the probe scans across the surface, it detects variations in physical ...
Through a novel combination of machine learning and atomic force microscopy, researchers in China have unveiled the molecular ...
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